Operational Strategies That Management May Use to Respond...

Operations refers to the transformation of raw materials(inputs) into finished products(outputs). The operations process is one of the key business functions and is a crucial component to business success. Like every business, Qantas is affected by many internal and external influences requiring it to have effective strategies to respond to these influences. Businesses that are able to adopt and utilise effective operational strategies are able to quickly adapt and either reduce or take advantage of these influences that impact the business. The effectiveness of these strategies can measured by Qantas’ performance and whether or not it is able to hold it’s competitive advantage. How well these strategies respond to the influences on†¦show more content†¦By outsourcing, Qantas is able to significantly reduce costs and maintain it’s competitive advantage. However this advantage also has a draw back, hundreds of engineers have also been cut from their jobs and have had their jobs given to people overseas. This puts a bad reputation on the name of the business as an Australian business will cut jobs from Australian workers and supple foreign workers with jobs. Families and friends of these workers may feel resentment towards Qantas and choose to travel with another airline instead resulting in a loss of customers. This strategy has been effective in reducing cost but has resulted in a reduction of quality and safety and led to a decreased business reputation resulting in a loss of customers and stakeholders. Another strategy that Qantas has used to respond to globalisation is through product differentiation. Qantas maintained it’s competitive advantage by providing a service which was unique and different to those of it’s competitor. Qantas was known for having ‘the best safety record of any airline in the world’. The airline was also ‘true-blue’ Australian and was Australian owned. This made the business different and attracted customers towards Qantas giving it a competitive edge over it’s foreign competition. Following the deregulation of Qantas, the business has started to lose sight of what it really was. The business has recently decided to implement anotherShow MoreRelatedOperation Five Objectives1495 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Operation strategy concerns the pattern of strategic decisions and actions which set the role, objectives and activities of the operation.† It refers to the process to set mission and goals, make specific decisions for achieve specific objectives; and the procedure to design and formulate the strategy of operations. Operation strategy is one part of the organizational business strategy but it plays an important role in all functional areas of business. 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The operations management activities of a service firm such as Lenscrafters determineRead MoreStrategic Analysis Report4520 Words   |  19 Pages2020 Ph: (02) 9691 3636 Fax: (02) 8222 4700 MGB309: Strategic Management Semester 1, 2012 Contents 1 2 3 Preface ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 3 Two Potential Strategies .................................................................

Theodore Bundy Serial Killer - 2158 Words

Theodore Bundy is a serial killer well known for his rape, kidnapping, assault, strangulation, decapitation, and necrophilia of young women. His murders span from 1974 to 1978 taking over thirty victims across seven states. Ted Bundy led two lives: one as a law student and volunteer counselor in a rape victim clinic, and the other as a murderer of more than thirty women. Bundy had a chameleonic style that presented a unique form of mental flexibility that certain predatory psychopaths possess. Theodore Bundy was born in Burlington, Vermont on November 24, 1946 in a group home for unwed mothers where he was left for three months. He was then raised by his grandparents as their adopted son and his mother was called his sister. His mother, Eleanor Cowell, had claimed that his father had deserted her but most people speculate that his mother was a victim of incest and that his grandfather was actually his father. 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Serial killing is formally defined by the FBI as â€Å"a series of three or more killings, having common characteristics such as to suggest the reasonable possibility that the crimes were committed by the same actor or actors.† But what exactly drives someone to kill another human beingRead MoreA Brief Biography of Ted Bundy1198 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States during the 1970s. More and more women students suddenly vanished. During a search for the serial kil ler, investigators could not seem to find a link to the person doing all these terrible acts. The similarities of the victims showed that someone smart was behind these events. However, when he was caught, America learned that not every serial killer fits a certain profile. Ted Bundy, a man known to many as very smart and interesting, spread his terror throughout the United States by

Biology lesson 1.04 lab template free essay sample

* Identify the purpose of your investigation or the question you are attempting to answer. The introduction should include the research and background information you collected before forming and testing your hypothesis. Be sure to tie in the property of water you are testing. Hypothesis: * The hypothesis should make a prediction of the outcome of your experiment and should include an explanation of why you expect that outcome. Use the â€Å"if †¦ then †¦Ã¢â‚¬  format for the hypothesis. Independent Variable: * The independent variable is the one that the scientist has chosen to change within an experiment in order to test the hypothesis. A good experiment should test, or vary, only one variable so the scientist can be confident that the observations made are a result of the changes made to the independent variable. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology lesson 1.04 lab template or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Dependent Variable: * The scientist will observe what happens to the dependent variable over the course of the experiment to see how it responds to the change made to the independent variable. The observations made and data collected regarding the dependent variable are caused by, and depend on, the changes made to the independent variable. Controlled Variables: * Controlled variables are the factors a scientist chooses to keep constant over the course of the experiment to make sure that anything that happens to the dependent variable is caused only by the independent variable. Procedure: * The procedure should be clear and detailed so that others can repeat it. The details should be specific in how the procedure changes the independent variable, controls all variables that need to be controlled, and observes or measures the resulting changes to the dependent variable. Data and observations: * Present all data and observations in a neat and organized manner. Include tables and graphs where appropriate/possible. Conclusion and analysis: * Your conclusion should discuss the results of the experiment and compare those results to your hypothesis. You should analyze the property of water you investigated and give some real-world applications of the importance of this property.

Primark case study free essay sample

Strategic Choices †¢Porter’s generic strategy theory ? analyse how Primark implements ‘cost leader’ strategies †¢Changing perception/acceptance of cheap clothing (e. g. mixture of high street and designer clothing) ? public perception of fast fashion and cheap clothing †¢How Primark’s is different from their competitors ? maybe own research of price comparison, organisational competences, identify some unique organisational capabilities Section 2. Supply chain management †¢Characteristic of a supply chain and main challenges ?  name some of the manufacturing partners and the characteristics of the relationship †¢outsourcing (type of strategic alliances), control system, pull supply chain strategy ? the way supply chain is controlled, quality assurance, implementation of ethical policies, -Auditing of suppliers (article 1) †¢Buying process – head office design, license to manufacturer, buying finished products ? introdu ce what processes are used to make a garment †¢JIT Features of the strategy ? inventory, warehousing, (de)centralising of warehouses etc. (Not sure if info is available, but we will have it as an interview question) Articles http://www. primark-ethicaltrading. co. uk/ Section 3. Retail spaces †¢Location strategy ? where and why, analysis of the surroundings. Tend to locate in town centres? †¢Flagship store ? importance of having flagship stores –Oxford street †¢Visual merchandising ? reasons behind the ordering in the store (fast impulse purchasing ), how stocks are presented, managed, replenished (seasonality of products) †¢Online expansion-gt; Slower when compared to other clothing retailers (HM etc). Currently only selling through ASOS Articles http://www. retail-week.com/companies/primark/value-fashion-giant-primark-starts-selling-online-through-asos/5049675. article http://www. retail-week. com/companies/primark/primark-wants-to-be-online-but-says-business-model-doesnt-work/5045996. article Section 4. International retailing †¢Link to international product life cycle (slide 7) -gt; expansion into Europe. Primark sales down in 2011 in UK (article 2) could expl ain further expansion into Europe? †¢Classification of global retailers (slide 11) ? no such thing as global retailer but international expansion strategies can be explained †¢Simpson and Thorpe’s PLIN Model (slide 21)

Alien and Sedition Acts Essay Example

Alien and Sedition Acts Essay Example Alien and Sedition Acts Essay Alien and Sedition Acts Essay Government 22 October 2012 Alien and Sedition Acts In 1798 the United States was involved in an undeclared war with France. â€Å"The United States again stood on the brink of war with a major European power, only this time instead of Great Britain the hostile nation was France. †(Hay 141) Later on the Federalist Party passed a series of four laws which were called the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Federalists saw foreigners as a deep threat to American security. There were a series of four acts that were adopted to alienate aliens. The first of these acts was the Naturalization Act which was passed by Congress on June 18. This act required that aliens be residents for 14 years instead of 5 years before they become eligible for United States citizenship. The second major act was the Alien Act which authorized the President to deport aliens who were dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States during peacetime. Furthermore the third act was the Alien Enemies Act which allowed wartime arrest, imprisonment and deportation of any alien from an enemy power. The last of these acts was the Sedition Act which consisted of, if there was any treasonable activity, including publication of any false or scandalous writing was wrong and punishable by fine or imprisonment. These acts helped to assist the governments sense of security for the United States. Although the government accepted the acts, people like James Madison were against for what the acts stood for. To protest the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were written to show that the acts were unconstitutional in the since that any acts of Congress that were not authorized by the Constitution and violated on the reserved powers of the states. Stating that the federal government can’t create new powers for itself and it must be approved by the states of the people. The second major act that was approved was the Alien Act and it’s stated in Section 1, â€Å"That whenever there shall be a declared war between the United States and any foreign nation or government, or any invasion or predatory ncursion shall be perpetrated, attempted, or threatened against the territory of the United States, by any foreign nation or government, and the President of the United States shall make public proclamation of the event, all natives, citizens, denizens, or subjects of the hostile nation or government, being males of the age of fourteen years and upwards, wh o shall be within the United States, and not actually naturalized, shall be liable to be apprehended, restrained, secured and removed, as alien enemies. And the President of the United States shall be, and he is hereby authorized, in any event, as aforesaid, by his proclamation thereof, or other public act, to direct the conduct to be observed, on the part of the United States, towards the aliens who shall become liable, as aforesaid; the manner and degree of the restraint to which they shall be subject, and in what cases, and upon what security their residence shall be permitted, and to provide for the removal of those, who, not being permitted to reside within the United States, shall refuse or neglect to depart there from; and to establish any other regulations which shall be found necessary in the premises and for the public safety: Provided, that aliens resident within the United States, who shall become liable as enemies, in the manner aforesaid, and who shall not be chargeable with actual hostility, or other crime against the public safety, shall be allowed, for the recovery, disposal, and removal of their goods and effects, and for their departure, the full time which is, or shall be stipulated by any treaty, where any shall have been between the United States, and the hostile nation or government, of which they shall be natives, citizens, denizens or subjects: and where no such treaty shall have existed, the President of the United States may ascertain and declare such reasonable time as may be consistent with the public safety, and according to the dictates of humanity and national hospitality (Finkelman 368). The act stated that in time of war, the President of the United States has the right to take action against any person who was a citizen of the country the United States was at war with. The President was given the power to act against the citizens of that country who were at war with the United States, as long as the person was a male, not a citizen of the United States, and at least fourteen years old. The Sedition Act was approved by Congress on July 14, 1798. It differed from the Alien Act; the Alien Act affected all United States citizens and not only the aliens. The Alien Act was also clearer that if a person is being convicted of any crime against the United States. Furthermore, the Sedition Act was designed to protect the Federalist and the President from â€Å"false† and â€Å"malicious† statements with the power of speaking. It didn’t protect the Vice President Thomas Jefferson or the Republicans. The act stated in Section 1 of the Sedition Act, â€Å"to impede the operation of any law of the United States, or to intimidate or prevent any person holding a place or office in or under the government of the United States, from undertaking, performing or executing his trust or duty, and if any person or persons, with intent as aforesaid, shall counsel, advise or attempt to procure any insurrection, riot, unlawful assembly, or combination, whether such conspiracy, threatening, counsel, advice, or attempt shall have the proposed effect or not, he or they shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction, before any court of the United States(Finkelman 369). Furthermore in Section 2 of the Sedition Act states, â€Å"And be it farther enacted, That if any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or published, or shall knowingly and willingly assist or aid in writing, printing, uttering or publishing any false, scandalous and malicious writing or writings against the government of the United States, or either house of the Congress of the United States, or the President of the United States†¦. then such person, being thereof convicted before any court of the United States having jurisdiction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars, and by imprisonment not exceeding two years† (Finkelman 369). The Federalist Party used the Sedition Act to prosecute Jefferson supporters, journalists, congressman, and other critics of the Federalist Party. The act clearly states that any treason towards the United States will not be tolerated, and the person responsible for the crime will be punished. In addition, Section 2 of the Sedition Act states anything written or negatively published material that is intended towards the United States is a crime, fined, and will be punished by the court. An example of a violation of the Sedition Act was a Matthew Lyon who was a Representative of Vermont. His letter criticized President Adam; â€Å"unbounded thirst for ridiculous pomp, foolish adulation, and self avarice† (â€Å"Sedition Act Trials†) which caused Matthew Lyon to be imprisoned. The Federalists sent Mr. Lyon to prison for his opinions and was later reelected by his constituents for Congress while he was still currently still in prison. If then freedom of speech, means in the Constitution, the privilege of speaking any thing without controul, the words freedom of press, which form a part of the privilege of printing an y thing without controul. † (Hay 143) Matthew Lyon was accused of speaking without control through the press. It clearly violates the first amendment in infringing on the freedom of the press and abridging the freedom of speech. Many followed and argued that it violated the Bill of Rights prohibition against laws â€Å"abridging freedom of speech or of press†. In Section 3 of the Sedition Act, â€Å"That if any person shall be prosecuted under this act, for the writing or publishing any libel aforesaid, it shall be lawful for the dependant, upon the trial of the cause, to give in evidence in his defense, the truth of the matter contained in Republication charged as a libel. And the jury, who shall try the cause, shall have a right to determine the law and the fact, under the direction of the court, as in other cases. (Finkelman 369) This section states the courts roll in providing the guidelines of a fair trial or investigation. The Sedition Act was a product of the governments fear of the situation the United States was in. The government needed to protect the United States from inside the Nation while they were still at war with France. The Sedition Act was very influential because it restricted the First Amendment right to criticize the President and Congress and criticism of government policy and government officials. Obviously the Sedition Act was clearly violating the individual protections and freedom of speech under the first amendment of the Constitution. The Alien and Sedition Acts were not a complete success with the United States as a whole. It had sparked the first extensive debate in American History on the meaning of the First Amendment and of freedom of speech and press. Thomas Jefferson called the Alien and Sedition Acts â€Å"an experiment on the American mind to see how far it will bear all avowed violation of the Constitution. † Thomas Jefferson and James Madison helped draft the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions which both protested the acts through the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions. That the General Assembly of Virginia, doth unequivocally express a firm resolution to maintain and defend the Constitution of the United States, and the Constitution of this State, against every aggression either foreign or domestic, and that they will support the government of the United States in all measures warranted by the former. That this assembly most solemnly declares a warm attachment to the Union of the States, to maintain which it pledges all its powers; and that for this end, it is their duty to watch over and oppose every infraction of those principles which constitute the only basis of that Union, because a faithful observance of them, can alone secure its existence and the public happiness†¦ (Encyclopedia of American History Documents 454) The Virginia Resolution used the idea of â€Å"interposition† by the states. Resolution stated that when the government acts beyond their limits of the Constitution, the states have the rights to take action and appeal it. The first Kentucky Resolution, which was passed by the state legislatures in November of 1798, stating that the federal government had no right to exercise powers not specifically delegated to it. If the federal government took on such powers, its acts could be declared unconstitutional by the states. Passed by the Senate, Virginia sent their resolution in December of 1798. The Virginia Resolution was carefully written document stating Virginias difference with addition of the Alien and Sedition Acts that they are unconstitutional and clearly Virginia did not support either of the two acts. One year later Kentucky sent their second resolution protesting the Alien and Sedition Act. Approved by the Senate in December of 1799, Kentucky stated, The representatives of the good people of this commonwealth in general assembly convened, having maturely considered the answers of sundry states in the Union, to their resolutions passed at the last session, respecting certain unconstitutional laws of Congress, commonly called the alien and sedition laws, would be faithless indeed to themselves, and to those they represent, were they silently to acquiesce in principles and doctrines attempted to be maintained in all those answers, that of Virginia only excepted. To again enter the field of argument and attempt more fully or forcibly to expose the unconstitutionality of those obnoxious laws, would, it is apprehended be as unnecessary as unavailing. We cannot however but lament, that in the discussion of those interesting subjects, by sundry of the legislatures of our sister states, unfounded suggestions, and unhanded insinuations, derogatory of the true character and principles of the good people of this commonwealth, have been substituted in place of fair reasoning and sound argument. Our opinions of those alarming measures of the general government, together with our reasons for those opinions, were detailed with decency and with temper, and submitted to the discussion and judgment of our fellow citizens throughout the Union. Whether the decency and temper have been observed in the answers of most of those states that have denied or attempted to obviate the great truths contained in those resolutions, we have now only to submit to a candid world. Faithful to the true principles of the federal union, unconscious of any designs to disturb the harmony of that Union, and anxious only to escape the fangs of despotism, the good people of this commonwealth are regardless of censure or calumniation†¦ (Encyclopedia of American History Documents 457) The Kentucky Resolution claims the right of nullification, that nullification was described as an action to be taken by several states that formed the Constitution. The Kentucky document was a follow up to the Virginia document; Virginia joined Kentucky in the protest of the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Kentucky Resolution served as a more serious protest against the acts, as the Virginia Resolution served the purpose of showing the government that the public did not agree with the acts. The acts were unaffected by the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions and the acts were still enforced. A modern day example of the Alien and Sedition Acts would be after September 11, 2001. The government used the acts to contain possible foreign criminals or men thought to be a part of the terrorist group that committed the crime. The acts were used when the United States held the men from the Boston hotel on suspicion that they were a part of the tragedy. After the two men were arrested and contained by the F. B. I. , they were given a fair trial and found guilty by the evidence against them. In the events that followed the terrorist act the government had to take fast action in bringing the culprits to justice; the Alien and Sedition Acts played a part in helping the government of the United States reach some of their objectives. Even till this day people criticize or assume foreigners such as Middle-Eastern people as a threat to society especially in terms of them being in the United States. People cringe when they see Middle-Eastern people. I know I do. You just don’t know if they have a bomb or a weapon on them and it scares you. Ever since 9/11, people worry about getting on planes with Middle-Easterners or even being near them makes you cringe and become scared because you don’t want that incident to happen to you or to the society. It’s scary to think about, but to the extremes that the Alien and Sedition Acts were enforced is beyond severe. But, if you feel as though there is an eminent threat to your country or to people it is your job or priority to take action. If the person is a possible foreign criminal or thought to be in a terrorist group based on suspicion, etc. Give them a fair trial and if they’re guilty or not guilty at least you were being aware and trying to make this country a safer place to live. This was a very controversial debate during the time of John Adams presidency and the Federalist Party. In my opinion the Alien and Sedition Acts are abridging the freedom of speech. These were radical decisions that were made by John Adams and were very harshly enforced on the aliens. The Alien and Sedition Acts were a threat to foreigners coming into the United States and stood no chance of staying in the nation for long with these acts being enforced, which is both malicious and lack apathy on immigrants. Even with the Alien and Sedition Acts being appealed we still have certain requirements for foreigners moving into the United States and we as a nation still have suspicion and still express a since of the Alien and Sedition Acts of foreigners after the devastation on 9/11. Bender, David. et al. Opposing Viewpoints: In American History. Vol. 1. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Print. Finkelman, Paul. et al. Milestone Documents In American History. Vol. 1. Dallas: Schlager-Custom, 2008. Print. Hay, George. â€Å"The Sedition Act Violates the Bill of Rights. † 1799. Bender. 141-144. Print. 5th United States Congress. Alien and Sedition Acts. Philadelphia: John Adams, 1798. Print. Rosenfeld, Susan. Encyclopedia of American Historical Documents. Vol. 1. New York: Facts On File, Inc. 2004. Print. Sedition Act Trials. American Eras. Vol. 4: Development of a Nation, 1783-1815. Detroit: Gale, 1997. 267-270. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 14 Oct. 2012.

In what ways was the Ottoman Empire different to its West European Essay

In what ways was the Ottoman Empire different to its West European counterparts - Essay Example During the reign of Muhammad II that lasted between 1451 and 1481, Ottoman Empire was actively involved in absorbing other states. Within this period Ottoman Empire was able to end all the other local Turkish dynasties hence becoming the superpowers of the region. With such a heavy backing from the fact that they had no dynasties to compete with, Ottoman Empire’s expansion started under Osman I, Orkhan, Murad I, and Beyazid I, which happened at the expense of numerous other empires such as Byzantine, Serbia, and Bulgaria. Due to pressure from Ottoman, another active and strong empire, Bursa fell in 1326, which was followed by the fall of Adrianople in 1261 (Said, 1978). Amazing, besides ensuring that these two (Bursa and Adrianople) empires fell, Ottoman Empire mocked them by making them the capital of the empire in turns that is, when Bursa fell it was made the capital and later on Adrianople was made the capital of the empire after its fall (Dale, 2010). This marked the begi nning of expansion for Ottoman Empire, which continuously grew and developed through taking over other Turkish dynasties or empires. Period of Great Expansion Through Muhammad I, Ottoman Empire was united against other empires. Muhammad I strongly believed that the only way of expanding of the empire was to take over other empires that surrounded Ottoman Empire. Consequently, many empires were victims of such strategy thus marking the initial stage of the â€Å"Great Expansion† (Dale, 2010). Amongst the taking over that occurred during the period of Great Expansion include victory at Varna and the 1453 capture of Constantinople. It is amazing how Ottomans changed from nomads to being the heirs of most ancient existing empire within Europe (Palmer, 1992). The weakness and disunity of the adversaries that competed and surrounded Ottoman Empire was a great step in enhancing the empire’s success. In addition, Ottoman through Muhammad I created a well-organized military gro up, which ensured that all the captures and take over was successfully done (Dale, 2010). Their military organization was considered superior to all the other surrounding dynasties (Said, 1978). Surprisingly, such military organizations consisted of mainly Christians who were not only corps of Janissaries but also volunteers who were ready to fight for their empire (Dale, 2010). With such beautifully organized military organization, Ottoman was able to continuously expand until the 16th century where the expansion and growth of the empire reached its peak. Defeating the Hungarian in 1526 gave Ottoman Empire a boost and confidence in more capture and take-over especially the 1541 capture of Buda as well as taking in of major part of Hungary that form Ottoman’s empire. Continuous capturing and taking over of different dynasties led to the opening up of the empire’s boundaries into Persia and Arabia; a factor that enhanced the strength within the region. During the reign of Selim I, more dynasties were defeated giving opportunity and strength for the expansion and growth of Ottoman Empire. In 1535 when Sulayman I started his reign, the empire continued to capture and take over more empires in a bid to being the heir

Entrepreneurship College Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Entrepreneurship College - Case Study Example Here, it is the ability to recognize which bit of information/ event/ transaction, though on the face of it appearing routine, is significant for developing leads to produce a fresh product. The research process here is not about collecting data through lengthy or formalized processes, but more about using the data creatively-to predict; and to be able to see what the customer will need, before the customer knows it himself. (p4) The techniques have therefore to be flexible, going hand in hand with the actual production process, enabling the company to add pictures, or junk obsolete product, quickly. The company's research techniques are inherent in their lean structure (forty employees, headed by Jerry and his wife), and Jerry's creative, hands-on approach. (p3) Therefore, research here is not necessarily separate from production. The ability of production personnel to envision what kind of pictures is needed, in future, is an inherent part of the research of such a company. It is likely that there may not be much formal demarcation between research and production, which is evident from the fact that Jerry himself participates in the process of conducting photo shoots. Being the first to do it, has always been an essential part of Jerry's, and therefore, Stockbyte's, entrepreneurial philosophy. For instance, they were the first to seek venture capital assistance in Ireland, the first "significant European publisher" of royalty free stock photography, as well as the first in Ireland to offer downloadable e-commerce by way of virtual CD's (p6) Relying on his gut feeling, and striding boldly into a new venture, backed by his own past background of working in his family's photography unit had helped Jerry to move forward successfully. Apart from this, the company's explicitly stated entrepreneurial objectives, which include the whole organization in its sweep, sets down commendable objectives like exceeding expectations, being "passionately creative" crafting "relevant images", "leveraging the best technologies", and even one enjoining one to "enjoy the ride"(p7) clearly are motivating and entrepreneurial strategies, needed to keep ahead in a competit ive industry. The company has always enjoyed the benefits of the first comer, avoiding the rush, and therefore being able to build up clientele, before the field became crowded. And, being flexible, adaptable, and quick to notice new opportunities, they have succeeded by being equally quick in dumping ideas that no longer worked. Jerry's ability to work with a relatively small team has ensured that they responded quickly to the demands of a market. It is not clear, however, whether Jerry has grown an effective second line of management-most likely not-to handle any contingency that could affect his personal functioning: bad health, for instance. The question is how long can a company, which is driven by a single person, withstand competition from giants, and continue to resist a sell-out How long would it be possible for Jerry to be personally there to deal with crises-it could be a mudslide in Asia today, something else